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The first case of Raoultella terrigena infection in an infant. Raoultella terrigena, formerly known as Klebsiella terrigena is Gram-negative, non-motile, facultative anaerobic, encapsulated bacilli and is a very rare cause of infections in humans. Until now, only two cases of actual clinical infection caused by R. terrigena were reported in adults. This report is the first case of neonatal infection with this microorganism, which was isolated from the urinary tract of a premature newborn followed in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Vitek 2® automated system had identified the bacteria as R. planticola. The result was duplicated with a new urine sample. Although Vitek 2® automated system identified the isolates as R. planticola, 16S rRNA sequencing and blast analysis of the bacterium had figured out that the bacterium was R. terrigena with 92% identicality. The bacterium was resistant to empirically given antibiotics, ampicillin and gentamicin. The patient was successfully treated with cephaperazone/ sulbactam according to antimicrobial susceptibility test result.