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Estrogen and progesterone receptors in endometriosis. BACKGROUND: This study aims to identify the presence of estrogen and progesterone hormone receptors in endometriosis implants and to determine whether hormone treatment influences the receptors in these implants. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with historical data collection. The analysis was conducted on 156 endometriosis implants from 67 patients undergoing endometriosis laparoscopy. The patients were divided into two groups: one group underwent hormone treatment (n = 20) and another group did not receive hormone treatment (n = 47) prior to surgery. Women of reproductive age with clinical pain and/or infertility who were diagnosed with endometriosis and underwent surgery were included. The specimens were analyzed after the estrogen and progesterone hormone receptors underwent immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: All analyzed topographies presented estrogen and progesterone hormone receptors. Progesterone hormone receptor expression was considerably superior than estrogen receptor expression (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Hormone receptors are present in endometriosis implants on the ovarian fossae, uterosacral ligaments, sac fundus, and ovaries. Progesterone receptors predominate in implants, regardless of hormonal treatment.