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The pathogenesis of human membranous nephropathy: we are (almost) there. Primary membranous nephropathy is an autoimmune disease usually associated with antibody to phospholipase A2 receptor (anti-PLA2R). The study by Meyer-Schwesinger et al. describes the first mouse model induced using a PLA2R system to study the pathogenicity of anti-PLA2R. Hyperimmune rabbit anti-PLA2R IgG can induce a primary membranous nephropathy-like glomerulopathy with proteinuria in mice. However, to conclusively establish the pathogenicity of human anti-PLA2R will require additional studies using PLA2R and anti-PLA2R of human origin.