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Characteristics of Meningitis Due to Methylobacterium mesophilicum: A Rare Case. Methylobacterium mesophilicum is a gram-negative bacillus most often isolated in medical establishments. In humans, M. mesophilicum is considered a conditionally pathogenic flora. Infections in humans generally occur in immunodeficient individuals. This article describes a rare case of M. mesophilicum infection that developed into acute meningitis in a 26-year-old patient. Decreased neutrophil bactericidal activity was also detected. To our knowledge, there have been no previous reports of meningitis due to M. mesophilicum.