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Long-term vs Short-term Therapy With Vitamin K Antagonists for Symptomatic Venous Thromboembolism. CLINICAL QUESTION: Is long-term (≥3 months) vs short-term therapy with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) associated with differences in the incidence of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE), major bleeding, and mortality in patients with symptomatic VTE? BOTTOM LINE: Long-term treatment with VKAs is associated with a reduced risk for recurrent VTE and an increased risk for major bleeding compared with short-term treatment in patients with VTE, but is not associated with differences in mortality.