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Transbronchial Lung Cryobiopsy for Diagnosis of Pediatric Interstitial Lung Disease. BACKGROUND: Tissue diagnosis of Childhood interstitial lung diseases is of paramount importance to outline management. CASE CHARACTERISTICS: A 10-year-old boy with prolonged cough, and computed tomography of thorax with features suggestive of primary Langerhans's cell histiocytosis. INTERVENTION: Transbronchial cryobiopsy of lung using flexible cryoprobe, revealed a final diagnosis of Surfactant protein C/ABCA3 deficiency. MESSAGE: Transbronchial cryobiopsy of the lung can provide adequate lung tissue for a categorical diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases in children.