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Risk Factors for Central line associated Bloodstream Infections. OBJECTIVE: To carry out surveillance of central line associated bloodstream infections in a Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and determine associated risk factors. METHODS: This prospective study was conducted over 1.5 years in the PICU. CDC definitions for these infections were followed and associated risk factors were identified. RESULTS: Of 265 enrolled children with central line, 13 developed blood stream infections (incidence density 5.03/1000 central line days). Significant risk factors included changing the central-line, especially triple lumen, and frequently accessing the central line. CONCLUSION: Central line associated bloodstream infections are preventable primary bacteremias and intervention strategies for prevention should be based on evidence generated to devise future protocols.