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Pediatric Vasculitis. Vasculitis is defined as inflammation of the blood vessels and can result in stenosis or aneurysm, which may in turn lead to occlusion or rupture of the vessel compromising tissue perfusion. The manifestations of these diseases depend on the size and site of the vessels effected. Vasculitis can be secondary to numerous inflammatory and infectious diseases but this review will concentrate on the systemic primary vasculitides and aims to discuss the presentations and approaches to management of a number of these conditions.