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Acute Cholangitis: Causes, Diagnosis, and Management. Acute cholangitis, also referred to as ascending cholangitis, is an infection of the biliary tree characterized by fever, jaundice, and abdominal pain, which in most cases is the consequence of biliary obstruction. Diagnosis is commonly made by the presence of clinical features, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. The treatment modalities include administration of intravenous fluids, antimicrobial therapy, and prompt drainage of the bile duct. Early diagnosis and treatment of acute cholangitis are crucial to prevent unwanted clinical outcome of the disease. This article provides an update on early diagnosis and management of acute cholangitis.