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Psychology of Chronic Pelvic Pain: Prevalence, Neurobiological Vulnerabilities, and Treatment. Patients with pelvic pain suffer from psychological conditions at a disproportionately high rate compared with their peers. We review environmental, genetic, inflammatory, and neurobiological factors that increase vulnerability to developing both of these conditions. We review treatment strategies for chronic pelvic pain in patients who have comorbid psychological conditions, including both nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic options.