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Esophageal basaloid squamous cell carcinoma presenting as a subepithelial lesion. Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus is rare and generally detected at advanced stage, and its prognosis is poorer than that of conventional esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Therefore, detection at the early stage is crucial for patient survival. We experienced an elevated esophageal basaloid squamous cell carcinoma presenting as a subepithelial tumor-like lesion. Although the lesion needed to be differentiated from subepithelial tumor, we diagnosed it as early stage and treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection. We report the macroscopic and microscopic findings of basaloid carcinoma through this case along with a review of the relevant literature.