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Chemothorax: a rare cause of a transudative pleural effusion. We discovered a rare cause of pleural effusion, chemothorax. In this case, a patient with invasive ductal breast carcinoma was admitted for a large and symptomatic pleural effusion. The radiology report obtained prior to admission did not describe the location of the Infuse-a-Port catheter. After a bedside thoracentesis demonstrated results consistent with chemotherapy infusate in the pleural space, further review of the medical imaging demonstrated that the catheter was in the pleural space.