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Eosinophilic Esophagitis. Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a relatively new disease that has reached an incidence similar to that of Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis. With this increased presence, greater recognition is essential. This applies both to children with nonspecific but potentially debilitating symptoms and to adults who have spent years behaviorally compensating for narrow esophageal strictures. The pathogenesis of EoE is rapidly being unraveled and is based on initiation of a type II allergic response to specific food antigens, leading to dense esophageal eosinophilia, chronic inflammation, and esophageal fibrosis. With greater familiarity and understanding of EoE, treatments are evolving, including identification and avoidance of food antigens; broad applications of topical steroids; and, eventually, pathway-specific biologic therapy.